How to assign a global IP address to a home server or virtual machine easily

hosting

更新日：2023-11-26 08:56投稿日：2023-11-18 12:51

In this article, I would like to share my knowledge on how to assign a global IP that can be done on a local server or virtual machine (docker container, Windows WSL, etc.) running at home.

I recommend this method if you want to publish a small website or web application to the outside world, make it accessible from the outside as a file server, or use it as a VPN server to your home.

The method introduced here involves making a direct PPPoE connection with the server you want to publish to the outside world, and assigning a fixed IPv4 global IP. To implement this method, I use Interlink's "ZOOT NEXT" service.

I use this method exclusively to assign a global IP to my home server. I use this method exclusively for assigning global IPs to my home server, because it requires almost no complicated network configuration.

Assigning a global IP to a server is also easy because of the convenient commands.

Now, let's get to the explanation.

Prerequisite.

To practice this method, you must have access to NTT FLET'S Hikari, FLET'S ADSL, or FLET'S ISDN lines. However, most people will probably be able to meet this requirement.

Also, if you have a contract with NTT FLET'S Hikari, you will be asked to select a more detailed line type when you apply for ZOOT NEXT through Interlink, so please make sure to check this beforehand.

One provider you should be aware of is NURO Hikari. This provider does not use NTT's fiber-optic line, so the method introduced here cannot be used.

However, even if you are using NURO HIKARI, if you are not too concerned about network bandwidth, Interlink's "My IP" service is also available. With this service, you can connect to Interlink's servers via VPN and be assigned a global IPv4 fixed address. However, the communication speed seems to be capped, so use it only if you can compromise. My previous experience suggests that 120Mbps is the upper limit.

Acquisition and contract for a fixed global IP address

First, go to Interlink's ZOOT NEXT page and follow the procedure for acquiring a fixed global IP address.

On the page, there is a table of compatible NTT line types for this service, so please check your type. both NTT East and NTT West are available.

After confirming your type, click the "Apply for Service" button at the bottom of the page to proceed. At the time of publishing this article, a two-month free trial was available, so feel free to sign up and cancel right away if you don't like the service. The free trial period seems to be the same as it has been since I started using Interlink around 2021, so I don't think the campaign is likely to yield.

Application button on Interlink's ZOOT NEXT application page

On the next page, you will be asked to log in with your Interlink member ID. If you are a new user, select "No" to complete the registration process.

You are being asked to log in with your Interlink member ID.

Next, you will be taken to the service selection screen, where you will enter the "Area of Use," "FLET'S Line Type to be used," and "Fixed IP Address" fields, respectively, and proceed.

Interlink's ZOOT NEXT service selection screen

After completing the payment procedure on the next page, a confirmation page will appear to confirm your application and complete the process. If your application is successfully accepted, a link to My Page will appear on the completion page, so open it and log in with your registered ID and password.

Now, you will go to check the authentication information to assign the global IP address you have obtained. Click "Confirm Contract Information" on the left menu of "My Page" to see the services you have signed up for, then click "Confirm" to open the "Interlink Membership Registration Notification Web Version".

Contract Information Confirmation Screen of Interlink My Page

When the "Interlink Membership Registration Notification Web Version" appears, check the "Information Required for FLET'S Connection" section at the top item.

In it, make a note of "Connection User Name", "Password for Connection", and "Fixed IP Address". Next, you will need them for PPPoE connection to the server.

Set up a static global IP address for the server

Now, log in remotely to the server and execute the following commands in the terminal. This time, we will configure the settings on an Ubuntu 22.04 machine.

 sudo apt-get install -y pppoe pppoeconf

The package for PPPoE connection is now installed.

Before starting the PPPoE connection setup

Depending on your router, you may need to configure "PPPoE pass-through" or "PPPoE bridge". If you do not do this, you will not be able to establish a PPPoE connection directly from hosts under the router.

The router I am using is the "RS-500KI" model from NTT. It is not a router that I have prepared myself, but one that was provided by NTT when I signed the contract.

In the meantime, to check if the router is configured, access the router's IP address (default gateway) http://192.168.1.1 with a browser and open the router configuration screen on the Web.

When you open the setup screen for the first time, you will be asked to register your user ID and password to be used for login.

Make sure that "Use" is checked in the "PPPoE Bridge" section of the "Advanced Settings" page in the left menu.

To start setting up a PPPoE connection, execute the following command

sudo pppoeconf

With this command, everything is done automatically, from setting up the connection, to executing the connection for the first time, to automatically executing the connection when the system is rebooted.

If you continue with this program, the following configuration files will be changed: /etc/ppp/peers/dsl-provider /etc/network/interfaces and /etc/ppp/*-secrets. Do you wish to continue with the configuration? If you continue with this program, the following configuration files will be changed: /etc/ppp/peers/dsl-provider /etc/network/interfaces and /etc/ppp/*-secrets. Do you wish to continue with the configuration?

If you are setting up a new configuration, "Yes" is fine.

If you continue with this program, the following configuration files will change: /etc/ppp/peers/dsl-provider /etc/network/interfaces and /etc/ppp/*-secrets. Do you want to continue?

It seems that the system automatically checks if the settings need to be changed, so "Yes" is fine for this as well.

Enter the user name normally required for PPP login to the provider in the input box below. If you wish to display the help screen, delete the user name and press OK.

Enter here the "Connection User Name" that you have just noted in the "Interlink Membership Registration Notification Form Web Version".

Enter the password normally required for PPP login to the provider in the input box below. Note: You will see the password in plain text as you type.

Enter the "password for connection" here as well.

At least one DNS IP address is required to resolve a regular hostname. Usually, when a connection is established, the provider will send us the addresses of the available servers. Do you want to automatically add these addresses to the name-server list in the local /etc/resolv.conf file? (Recommended)

Select "Yes" because you want the DNS IP address to be obtained automatically.

Many providers have routers that do not support TCP packets with an MSS greater than 1460. Outgoing packets have this MSS when routed over Ethernet with the default MTU size (1500). Unfortunately, if you are forwarding packets from other hosts (i.e., if you are masquerading), the MSS can be large depending on the packet size and route to the client host. There is a solution: you can limit the maximum MSS with pppoe. See the pppoe documentation for more information on this issue. (If you still experience the above problem, try setting it to 1412 in the dsl-provider file.)

This one proceeds with "Yes" if no problems arise.

PPPoE has been set up. Do you want to initiate the connection at startup?

Select "Yes" because you want to connect automatically at system startup.

Now you can start a DSL connection with "pondsl-providertt" and end it with "poff". Do you want to start the connection now?

Select "Yes" because you want to start the connection now.

The DSL connection has been disconnected. You can use the "plog" command to see the status or the "ip addr show ppp0" command to see general interface information.

The connection is now complete, and you can check the status of the connection with the ip addr show ppp0 command.

A view of the assigned global IP address

Remember to set up a firewall, as this will make the server available to the entire world.

Conclusion

In the beginning, I tried to sign up for a fixed IP plan with NTT FLET'S Hikari to assign a fixed IP, but Interlink ended up being cheaper, and most importantly, I feel that the ability to easily sign up for as many global IPs as I want is a big advantage.

The application in my case was to set up a VPN server at home to allow remote login to the file server and web server in the LAN. Currently the main web server has been moved to Conoha VPS due to uptime concerns, but the file server is still managed at my parents' house.

In addition, although Interlink's "ZOOT NEXT" was introduced this time, the connection is PPPoE, and the transfer rate is quite unstable during busy times. Therefore, if you are looking for stability, "ZOOT NATIVE" (IPv4 over IPv6), also provided by Interlink, is a better choice. However, this one requires a router that supports "DS-Lite".